Pure math PhD what are realistic non academic options? I'm finishing up year 4 of a pure math PhD (algebraic topology if it matters) and the academic job market for pure math is... not great. I love math but I'm trying to be practical about my future. What are people with pure math PhDs actually doing outside of academia? And I mean pure math, not applied math or stats people who call themselves mathematicians. I'm talking about people whose dissertation was about homological algebra or differential geometry or number theory, not people who were already doing ML adjacent stuff. How hard is the transition? Do employers actually value the degree or do they just see someone with no practical skills?